Neolithic Yangshao Culture Pottery Amphora, 3rd-2nd Millenium BC

This pottery has a bulbous body with two small, protruding handles near its widest part. The pottery features horizontal bands of patterns, which include a sequence of geometric shapes and lines. The patterns are rendered in a dark pigment, possibly a form of early paint, and are quite distinct against the lighter background of the clay.

Date : 3,000-2,000 BC
Made in : Hunan province
Size : 13.5cm (Height) x 11.5(Diameter)
Condition : Excellent
Provenance : Acquired in late 1990s from Hongkong
Reference : Sotheby's Paris 9 November 2021 - Arts d'Asie Online - Lot 9
(Price realised : 4,410 EUR / Type : Closely related)
https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2021/arts-dasie-online/a-painted-pottery-globular-jar-neolithic-period

* Neolithic pottery

Neolithic pottery from China, dating approximately between 10,000 BCE to 2,000 BCE, is a significant cultural artifact that reflects the rich culture and advanced technology of the region during this era. The pottery found across various regions of China displays unique styles and techniques, indicating a diverse and sophisticated cultural landscape.

During the Neolithic period, pottery in China was predominantly used for agricultural purposes, including storage containers, cooking vessels, and dining utensils. It was common for Neolithic Chinese cultures to decorate pottery with intricate patterns or colors, often reflecting the religious beliefs or life philosophies of the time. For instance, pottery from the Hemudu culture in the Yangtze River basin is known for its black and red patterns, while the Yangshao culture in the Yellow River basin is characterized by its fine linear designs.

The shapes and sizes of Neolithic Chinese pottery varied greatly, influenced by the climate, geography, and natural resources of each region. Some areas prioritized large and heavy storage containers, while others required smaller and more portable bowls for convenience.

Archaeological excavations of this pottery have been crucial in understanding the transition to settled life, the advancement of agricultural techniques, and the complexity of early societies in China. The production techniques and stylistic decorations of the pottery evolved over time, and these variations provide invaluable data for studying the development and cultural exchanges of ancient Chinese societies.